THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
Introduction to the Constitution
Historical background of the Constitution
Making of the Constitution
Important features of Indian Constitution
• World's Longest Constitution
• Taken from various sources
• Federal System with Unitary Features
• Parliamentary Form of Government
• Balance between the Sovereignty of Parliament and Judicial Supremacy
• Combination of rigidity and flexibility
PREAMBLE:
• What is preamble
• History of the preamble to India
• Components of preamble
• Key words in the preamble
• Status of preamble (with landmark judgments)
PART I: THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY ARTICLES
PART II: CITIZENSHIP
PART III: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
• Article 12: Definition
• Article 13: Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
• RIGHT TO EQUALITY: Articles 14 to 18
• RIGHT TO FREEDOM: Articles 19 to 22
• RIGHT AGAINST EXPLOITATION: Articles 23 and 24
• RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION: Articles 25 to 28
• CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS: Articles 29 and 30
• RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES: Articles 32 to 35
Article 32: Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this part (WRITS)
PART IV: DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY: Articles 36 to 51
PART IVA: FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES: Article 51A
PART V: THE UNION: Articles 52 to 78
Executive
• President of India, his executive powers, election, manner of election
• Impeachment of President
• Council of ministers of President
• Attorney General of India
PARLIAMENT: Articles 79 to 122
• Constitution of Parliament
• Composition of Parliament
• Composition of houses of parliament and their duration
• Sessions of parliament, prorogation and disqualification
• Chairman and deputy chairman of the councils of state
• Speaker and deputy speaker
• Oath of the members
• Voting in houses
• Salaries and allowances of the chairman and deputy chairman and the speaker and deputy speaker
CHAPTER III: LEGISLATIVE POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT: A.123 (Ordinance making power)
CHAPTER IV: THE UNION JUDICIARY: Articles 124 to 147
• Establishment, Composition of Supreme Court
• Appointments, salaries and allowances of judges
• Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
• Article 131: Original Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
• Articles 132, 133 and 134: Appellate Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
• Article 136: Special leave to appeal by Supreme Court
• Article 141: law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all Courts
• Article 143: Power of President to consult Supreme Court
CHAPTER V: CONTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA: Articles 148 to 151
PART VI: THE STATES
Executive: Articles 153 to 167
• Governor, his executive powers
• Appointment of Governor, salaries, allowances, qualifications
• Council of ministers
• Advocate general
• Duties of chief Ministers
State Legislature: Article 168 to 212
• Constitution of state legislatures
• Composition of legislative assembly, council and their durations
• Qualification of membership
• Sessions, prorogation and dissolution
• Speaker, deputy speaker and their powers
• Powers and privileges of house of legislatures and of members and committee
• Language to be used in legislature
• LEGISLATIVE POWERS OF THE GOVERNOR: Article 213 (ordinance making power of the Governor)
CHAPTER V: THE HIGH COURTS IN THE STATES: Articles 214 to 232
• Composition of High Court
• Qualifications, salaries, allowances and oath of judges
• Power of High Courts to issue certain writs (Article 226)
• CHAPTER VI: SUBORDINATE COURTS: Articles 233 to 238
PART VIII: THE UNION TERITORRIES: Articles 239 to 241
PART XI: RELATIONS BETWEEN UNION AND STATES
1. CHAPTER I: LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS: Articles 245 to 255
2. CHAPTER II: ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONS: Articles 256 to 263
ARTICLE 300A: RIGHT TO PROPERTY
PART XIV: SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATE
1. CHAPTER 1: SERVICES: Articles 308 to 313
2. CHAPTER II: PUBLIC SERVICE COMISSION: Articles 315 to 323
PART XV: ELECTIONS: Articles 324 to 329
• Superintendence of elections
• Adult suffrage
PART XVII: OFFICIAL LANGUAGE
1. CHAPTER I: LANGUAGE OF THE UNION: Article 343 and 344
2. CHAPTER II: REGISONAL LANGUAGES: Articles 345 to 347
3. CHAPTER III: LANGUAGE OF THE SUPREME COURT AND HIGH COURT
4. SPECIAL DIRECTIVES: Articles 350 and 351
PART XVIII: EMERGENCY PROVISIONS
1. Article 352: proclamation of emergency
2. Article 356: State emergency
3. Article 360: Financial emergency